T01833: 排列
implementation , http://cs101.openjudge.cn/pctbook/T01833/
大家知道,给出正整数n,则1到n这n个数可以构成n!种排列,把这些排列按照从小到大的顺序(字典顺序)列出,如 n=3 时,列出1 2 3,1 3 2,2 1 3,2 3 1,3 1 2,3 2 1六个排列。
任务描述: 给出某个排列,求出这个排列的下k个排列,如果遇到最后一个排列,则下1排列为第1个排列,即排列1 2 3…n。 比如:n = 3,k=2 给出排列2 3 1,则它的下1个排列为3 1 2,下2个排列为3 2 1,因此答案为3 2 1。
输入
第一行是一个正整数m,表示测试数据的个数,下面是m组测试数据,每组测试数据第一行是2个正整数n( 1 <= n < 1024 )和k(1<=k<=64),第二行有n个正整数,是1,2 … n的一个排列。
输出
对于每组输入数据,输出一行,n个数,中间用空格隔开,表示输入排列的下k个排列。
样例输入
3
3 1
2 3 1
3 1
3 2 1
10 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10样例输出
3 1 2
1 2 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 8 10来源
qinlu@POJ
这三个题目是相同的,tags: implementation
01833:排列
http://cs101.openjudge.cn/practice/01833/
02996:选课
http://cs101.openjudge.cn/practice/02996/
31.下一个排列
https://leetcode.cn/problems/next-permutation/
思路一:字典序
Wikipedia has a nice article on lexicographical order generation. It also describes an algorithm to generate the next permutation.
Quoting:
The following algorithm generates the next permutation lexicographically after a given permutation. It changes the given permutation in-place.
- Find the highest index i such that s[i] < s[i+1]. If no such index exists, the permutation is the last permutation.
- Find the highest index j > i such that s[j] > s[i]. Such a j must exist, since i+1 is such an index.
- Swap s[i] with s[j].
- Reverse the order of all of the elements after index i till the last element.
即:
1)从后往前找第一组相邻的升序数对,记录左边的位置p。 2)从后往前找第一个比p位置的数大的数,将两个数交换。 3)把p位置后所有数字逆序。
举例:
1.从数列的右边向左寻找连续递增序列, 例如对于:1,3,5,4,2,其中5-4-2即为递增序列。
2.从上述序列中找一个比它前面的数(3)大的最小数(4),并将且交换这两个数。于是1,3,5,4,2->1,4,5,3,2,此时交换后的依然是递增序列。
3.新的递增序列逆序,即:1,4,5,3,2 => 1,4,2,3,5
from typing import List
def nextPermutation(nums: List[int]) -> None:
i = len(nums) - 2
while i >= 0 and nums[i] >= nums[i + 1]:
i -= 1
if i >= 0:
j = len(nums) - 1
while j >= 0 and nums[i] >= nums[j]:
j -= 1
nums[i], nums[j] = nums[j], nums[i]
left, right = i + 1, len(nums) - 1
while left < right:
nums[left], nums[right] = nums[right], nums[left]
left += 1
right -= 1
# =============================================================================
# n = int(input())
# m = int(input())
# arr = list(map(int, input().split()))
# for k in range(m):
# nextPermutation(arr)
# print(*arr)
# =============================================================================
m = int(input())
for _ in range(m):
n, k = map(int, input().split())
a = list(map(int, input().split()))
for _ in range(k):
nextPermutation(a)
print(*a)2022fall-cs101,陈修安
for i in range(int(input())):
n, k = map(int, input().split())
arr = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
for j in range(k):
for m in range(1, n):
if arr[-m-1] < arr[-m]:
for q in range(1, m+1):
if arr[-q] > arr[-m-1]:
arr[-m-1], arr[-q] = arr[-q], arr[-m-1]
arr = arr[:-m] + sorted(arr[-m:])
break
break
else:
arr = list(range(1, n+1))
print(' '.join(map(str, arr)))#2022fall-cs101,周靖杰
n=int(input())
for i in range(n):
m,k=map(int,input().split())
s=[int(x) for x in input().split()]
for i in range(k):
t=0
for f in range(-1,-(m-1),-1):
if s[f-1]<s[f]:
t=1
break
if t:
q=s[m+f-1:]
M=s[m+f-1]
q.sort()
u=q[q.index(M)+1]
q.remove(u)
q.insert(0,u)
s=s[:m+f-1]+q
else:s.sort()
print(" ".join([str(c) for c in s]))思路二:康托展开
# 2022fall-cs101,陈勃宇
# cantor expansion
aa = [1]
c = 1
for i in range(1,1025):
c = c * i
aa.append(c)
for _ in range(int(input())):
n,k = map(int,input().split())
*cc, = map(int,input().split())
*bb, = range(1,n + 1)
d = 0
l = n - 1
for j in cc:
d = d + bb.index(j) * aa[l]
bb.remove(j)
l -= 1
d += k
while d >= aa[n]:
d -= aa[n]
dd = []
*bb, = range(1,n + 1)
for p in range(n - 1,-1,-1):
t = d // aa[p]
dd.append(bb[t])
del(bb[t])
d -= t * aa[p]
print(*dd)